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GAZ 21 Volga
I am currently working on an article about the car specified in the topic name. As I know there are some members from the east from me who may have contact with cars like this or know someone who knows a thing or two about them I would ask them to contribute in this thread or contact me in some other way. The photos of the car that I drove will appear here in upcoming days :)
I am looking for info like some interesting facts and trivia and most importantly: what should one look for and watch out for when buying one. I would be so grateful if someone could give me a clue with this one as it's hard to find anything in the languages that I understand.
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I can try to help. I know a couple of sources that may come in handy, although neved had any personal relations with the car.
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i hoped i can count on you :D looking forward to what can you get
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Maybe this'd be a handy website for you:
[url=http://www.autosoviet.altervista.org/main-english.htm]AUTOSOVIET - All about the Eastern cars and motorcycles[/url]
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wow, this actually comes very handy, thankyou Sjoerd. I am still looking forward to buying tips, I hope someone can share his knowledge about them with me
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You can find M21 buying guide in english [URL="http://www.volga.nl/aankooptipsEN.htm"]here[/URL]. Most likely, this is the most thorough and accurate [URL="http://www.volga.nl/indexEN.htm"]Volga M21[/URL] site in english.
Good luck with your article.
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WOW! that is like all I needed... thank you so much for these links Revo, you made my life much easier :)
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Glad to be of help, but don't thank me - I'm just a messenger. Thank those weird Dutch people for creating most outstanding car realated web pages out there. ;)
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yeah, where would we be without those crazy Dutch :D
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I am trying to find any texts about GAZ 21 expluatation (beside that link supplied by Revo), but strangely unsuccessfully yet.
Maybe a list of most GAZ 21 versions (according to Russian wikipedia and a couple of other sources) would be useful?
First series (1956-1958), with Ford Mainline-like star on a grille (index in Russian in commas):
GAZ M21 - version with an automatic gearbox (according to wikipedia),
GAZ M21A - taxi based on a M21V (М21В) version,
GAZ M21B (М21Б) - taxi with a forced Pobeda engine,
GAZ M21V (М21В) - basic modification,
GAZ M21VJu (М21ВЮ) - basic modification for tropical countries,
GAZ M21G (М21Г) - with a forced Pobeda engine,
GAZ M21GJu (М21ГЮ) - M21G for tropical countries,
GAZ M21D (М21Д) - export modification with a manual transmission,
GAZ M21DJu (21ДЮ) - M21D for tropical countries,
GAZ M21E (М21Е, with a soft 'e') - export modification with an automatic transmission,
GAZ M21EJu (М21ЕЮ) - M21E for tropical countries.
First series can be recognized also by a drainage above the windows - all the latter series did not have it. Thus, even if such part as grille could be changed during expluatation, production year can be checked, as to get rid of a drainage it is necessary to change the whole body.
Picture taken from Wikipedia.
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out of curiosity, what is a "forced" Pobeda engine? Supercharged?
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[quote=henk4;905063]out of curiosity, what is a "forced" Pobeda engine? Supercharged?[/quote]
It had bored cylinders. I don't know a correct technical term for that :o
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Second series (late 1958-1962, 1958-1959 cars are often called 'intermediate'):
GAZ M21A - taxi (the same index as for the first series taxi),
GAZ M21I (М21И) - basic modification,
GAZ M21K - export modification,
GAZ M21KB (М21КБ) - cars for Belgium,
GAZ M21KJu (М21КЮ) - M21K for tropical countries,
GAZ M21U (М21У) - lux modification.
Second series can be recognized from the outside by a grille with 16 wide vertical vents ('shark jaws').
Photo from Wikipedia also.
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Third series (1962-1970):
GAZ M21L (М21Л) - basic modification,
GAZ M21M - export modification,
GAZ M21MJu (М21МЮ) - M21M for tropical countries,
GAZ M21T - taxi,
GAZ M21U (М21У) - lux modification (the same index as for second series car),
In 1964 the 'M' letter has disappeared from the car's name.
GAZ 21N (21Н) - export RHD modification,
GAZ 21NJu (21НЮ) - 21N for tropical countries,
In 1965 one more modification took place, but the cars are still considered third series:
GAZ 21P (21П) - export RHD modification,
GAZ 21PE (21ПЕ) - export RHD modification with an automatic transmission,
GAZ 21R (21Р) - basic modification,
GAZ 21S (21С) - export modification,
GAZ 21TS (21ТС) - taxi,
GAZ 21US (21УС) - lux modification,
GAZ 21F (21Ф) - prototype with a prechamber engine ('prechamber' is what translator tells me),
GAZ 21E (21Э - hard 'e', like in a word 'bad') - version with a shielded electrics ('shielded' is also told by a translator).
Third series cars also had a new grille with 37 vertical sticks ('whalebone') and new bumpers.
Wikipedia picture.
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Together with a third series a new body became available. Volga station wagon had its own index - GAZ M22 (since 1964 - GAZ 22).
GAZ M22 - basic modification,
GAZ M22A - prototype panel van,
GAZ M22B (М22Б) - ambulance,
GAZ M22BK (М22БК) - ambulance with more powerful 85hp engine,
GAZ M22BKJu (М22БКЮ) - M22BK for tropical countries,
GAZ M22BM (М22БМ) - export version of M22BK,
GAZ M22BMJu (М22БМЮ) - export version of M22BKJu,
GAZ M22G (М22Г) - export version with 75hp,
GAZ M22GJu (М22ГЮ) - M22G for tropical countries,
GAZ M22K - export version with 75hp (I don't know how it differs from M22G),
GAZ M22KE (М22КЭ) - M22K with shielded electrics.
Since 1965:
GAZ 22V (22В) - basic modification,
GAZ 22E (22Е) - export ambulance,
GAZ 22M - export 85hp modification,
GAZ 22MB (22МБ) - export ambulance (no idea how did it differ from 22E, maybe an 85hp engine),
GAZ 22MJu (22МЮ) - 22M for tropical countries,
GAZ 22N (22Н) - export RHD modification,
GAZ 22NJu (22НЮ) - 22N for tropical countries.
All GAZ 22 cars had a third series grille, although first prototypes were made with a second series ones.
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One more car based on GAZ 21 was a GAZ 23 developed for KGB and other special services, such as cortege cars. This version, also resting on third series car, had a 5,53-liter 195hp engine (a modified GAZ 13 Chaika unit) and automatic transmission. For better weight distribution such cars carried an additional load in a trunk. From the outside it was made to look like a standard GAZ 21.
GAZ 23 - basic modification,
GAZ 23A - prototype with a manual transmission,
GAZ 23A1 - with special equipment,
GAZ 23B (23Б) - lux modification.
Through 1962-1970 about 600 such cars were assembled.
Pictures can be found here:
[url=http://www.gaz21volga.com/23/gaz23.htm]ГАЗ-23 Волга[/url]
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Some repair services and taxi parks assembled 21's from their own or spare parts, both during and after their production at GAZ. Beside factory versions there were pickups, panel vans and campers among such cars.
[url=http://www.gaz21volga.com/novoe/21_pikap/pikap.htm]Пикапы на базе ГАЗ-21/22 Волга[/url]
[url=http://www.gaz21volga.com/novoe/21_furgon/furgon.htm]ГАЗ-22 "Волга" Фургон[/url] - second picture here is GAZ's own prototype.
[url=http://www.gaz21volga.com/novoe/21_drezina/drezina.htm]ГАЗ-22 "Волга" Ж/Д[/url]
In 1965 in one of such repair services in Novosibirsk a party of parade cabriolets has been made.
[url=http://www.gaz21volga.com/novoe/21_paradnaja/index.htm]Парадные кабриолеты ГАЗ-21.[/url]
In 1960s some 21's have been assembled in Belgium by Sobimpex company and sold through Scaldia company. In the beginning (since 1960) those cars had Perkins Four-99 48hp diesel engine, which was later replaced by 65hp Rover (in 1963) and 68hp Indenor-Peugeot XDP 4.90 (in 1964). There have never been diesel cars for domestic market. Through 1960-1967 a total number of 167 diesel cars have been sold via Scaldia in Benelux and Northern Europe. It is said that some 21's worked as taxis in Netherlands, Greece, Belgium, Finland, Norway etc.
[url=http://www.gaz21volga.com/Technik/belgien/belgische.htm]Бельгийские ГАЗ-21 "Волга" Diesel - Scaldia - Sobimpex - Perkins Four-99, Rover, Indenor XDP[/url]
In 1961 Scaldia ordered a Volga redesign to Ghia, but a year after GAZ has updated the 21 on their own.
[URL="http://www.gaz21volga.com/21/21_proto_ghia/GAZ21I_Ghia_1.jpg"]http://www.gaz21volga.com/21/21_proto_ghia/GAZ21I_Ghia_1.jpg[/URL]
Here is a page with all (I think) prototypes of various GAZ 21 series, including a never-to-be fourth series prototype:
[url=http://www.gaz21volga.com/21/21_proto/proto.htm]1953-1965 Прототипы ГАЗ-21 Волга[/url].
Among factory projects there have been a 4x4 GAZ 22 prototype and a prototype of a car with fuel injection engine.
GAZ 21 engine and other mechanicals have been widely used in Soviet motorsport in sixties. Sportscars and formulas have been mainly built by drivers themselves, but GAZ has also had its own GAZ SG4 based on 21 mechanicals.
Finally, 21 has become a basis for many DIY cars and cars developed by small factories.
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You know, I've looked at a bunch of Soviet cars...they had some neat vehicles...
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Just to add some illustrations to this thread, here are shots of the main three version of the GAZ21, the Star, the next and the final.
Shots were taken at the Almaty motorshow in October 2006. (with the old Sony, so quality is slightly off). I have added the signs which were put next to the cars, I am sure Faksta will be able to read them:)
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Sure. Maybe the translation will not be beautiful though...
[quote][CENTER]Volga M21V
1 series - 'The star'
Gorkiy automotive factory, city of Gorkiy (Nizhniy Novgorod),
USSR
Chief constructor - A.M.Nevzorov
Production year..............................................................1958
Displacement................................................................2,12 L
Output.........................................................................52 hp
Maximum speed..........................................................105 km/h
Fuel consumption...............................................13,5 L / 100 km
Dry weight..................................................................1350 kg
Full restoration in year 2004
RTS auto works
Year 1958...Zhukov's stars on Volga grilles...before marshall's opal some 31 thousand were made...a new term has appeared in motorists' slang in no way related to ichtyology - 'shark jaws'... a new Volga grille with 16 vertical vents was called so, while in Russian language a new demographic term has appeared - 'Children of the festival'...2 years until Gagarin' flight...
[/CENTER][/quote]
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Second plate
[quote][CENTER]Volga M21K, export
2 series - 'Shark jaws'
Gorkiy automotive factory, city of Gorkiy (Nizhniy Novgorod),
USSR
Chief constructor - A.M.Nevzorov
Production year.............................................. ................1961
Displacement...................................... .........................2,445 L
Output............................................ .............................75 hp
Maximum speed............................................. .............135 km/h
Fuel consumption....................................... ...........12 L / 100 km
Dry weight............................................ ......................1350 kg
Full restoration in year 2005
RTS auto works
Year 1961...Gagarin walks through carpet for a report to the head of party and government, untied shoelace, everyone's nervous...That year money reform took place. Voznesenskiy will later write 'Take Lenin off the money!' Volga's price was 5100 roubles...
Year 1964...In October Leonid Iljich replaced Nikita Sergeevich. Since then Brezhnev never rode Volga...
Year 1965...Ryazanov films 'Beregis avtomobilja' at Mosfilm. Watching that movie we still live through and love Yuri Detochkin, his trophys and waltz, in time with which a beige Volga swung rushing through the highway...
[/CENTER][/quote]
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And the last one
[quote][CENTER]Volga M21S, export
3 series - 'Whalebone'
Gorkiy automotive factory, city of Gorkiy (Nizhniy Novgorod),
USSR
Chief constructor - A.M.Nevzorov
Production year.............................................. ................1967
Displacement...................................... .........................2,445 L
Output............................................ .............................75 hp
Maximum speed............................................. .............135 km/h
Fuel consumption....................................... ...........12 L / 100 km
Dry weight............................................ ......................1350 kg
Full restoration in year 2006
RTS auto works
Year 1967...the dusk of 'thaw' and the beginning of 'stagnation'...a year after the Beatles will decay...in 1969 Efremov drives Doronina through Moscow in his taxi in 'Three poplars on Plyuschiha'...our fathers wait for us in Alma-Ata maternities...
[/CENTER][/quote]
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faksta, thankyou so much for your input, it's heavily appreciated :) now i don't have any doubts :D i will have the pics on the beginning of the next week, i'll be able to share some
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I have also found some of my own pictures and thought I'd post them.
1-3. GAZ 21 (3 series) at 2008 classic rally season opening on a Red Square.
4-5. GAZ 21 (2 series) at 2007 classic rally season closure.
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ok, first picture finished. it'll be on whole page in the mag
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Great! How was it made? Did someone hang on a rear bumper? :)
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nope, it is a special construction (rig) attached to a car
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Those are actually... beautiful.:D
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I've probably said this before somewhere, but the Volga has what is quite possibly the world's most beautiful hood ornament.
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Possibly a cross section of Volga m21D engine would be of some use.
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Welcome to UCP and thank you for this.
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[quote=dydzi;905347]ok, first picture finished. it'll be on whole page in the mag[/quote]
Bumper's bottom (steel painted part) should be the same colour like car's body (i.e. - black)
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[quote=faksta;905096]Sure. Maybe the translation will not be beautiful though...[/quote]
Dear faksta,
I need the right datas for a new project that includes the GAZ-21. Are these specifications true? I mean are these official datas?
And I would need the right specifications of the M24 and the GAZ-3102 models.
Thank you in advance for your and/or other's help!
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Hello and welcome, seglare!
These are from the info sheets which were featured at 2006 Almaty show. I suppose they should be right, but if you need I could look up in 'more official' sources. What kind of a project is that, out if interest? And what specs would you need?
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[quote=faksta;999945]Hello and welcome, seglare!
These are from the info sheets which were featured at 2006 Almaty show. I suppose they should be right, but if you need I could look up in 'more official' sources. What kind of a project is that, out if interest? And what specs would you need?[/quote]
[quote=faksta;999945]Hello and welcome, seglare!
These are from the info sheets which were featured at 2006 Almaty show. I suppose they should be right, but if you need I could look up in 'more official' sources. What kind of a project is that, out if interest? And what specs would you need?[/quote]
Thank you for your quick reply and warm welcome! :-)
The project I mentioned is a kind of show. We would like to show these old and classic cars to as many people as possible. We don't want these cars to be forgotten forever. We would like to present these cars with their history and to attach a short write up about them and for this aim we need the right informations, I think it is easy to understand. :-)
And you know, when it comes to old cars like these it is really difficult to find authentic datas. So I have felt I need some help. :-)
So, the specs I need are the following:
- the place of assembly /city, factory/
- the period when the given model was in production
- displacement
- number of cylinders
- performance /HP/
- combined fuel consumption
- top speed
These are the datas we need. The other things we would like to share are done.
Could you provide these specifications on other cars too? If yes that would be the real break-through! :-) Or you just a GAZ expert?
Well, that's the point.
I hope you can help me!
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That is something I would gladly help you with :) I have the technical specs from period yearbooks which were issued by NIIAT - USSR's institute for automotive transport. They've published such data and that is believed to be an official information, so I believe that would be exactly what would fit. I'll get to it as soon as I get home from work, though.
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Thank you faksta! This sounds very well! :-)
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So...
The place of assembly for all Volga cars was the same: Gorkiy city (nowadays called Nizhniy Novgorod), Gorkiy Automobile Plant (GAZ).
[B]GAZ M21 Volga[/B]. Together all the series of M21 were produced through 1956-1970, but to find out the exact data you'll probably need to know the year of production of the car you are dealing with, as there have been notable differences. Some changes were usually made for export cars also, and that could be a possibility in your case (judging by the flag :) ). Export cars had more chrome details outside and sometimes a bit more powerful engines.
The early M21, GAZ M21G, had a modified sidevalve engine from the earlier car, GAZ M20 Pobeda (2.42-liter, 4-cyl., 65hp @3800 rpm, 120km/h, fuel consumption at 40-50 km/h - around 10l/100km). It was produced for a short period of time, from late 1956 to mid 1957.
The more common M21, with its own new engine and numerous other changes, appeared in 1957. The new engine had 2445cc, same 4 cylinders, but this time with overhead valves. Cars equipped with this engine were produced until 1970 and had several updates during the model's life: M21V (1957-1958), M21I (1958-1962), M21L (1962-1965) and 21R (1965-1970, they got rid of the 'M' in front of the number). All of the car's modifications together are, of course, generally known as simply GAZ M21 Volga :)
For the most common M21 (1957-1970) the data will be these:
Displacement: 2445cc.
Number of cylinders: 4 cylinders, overhead valves instead of earlier sidevalve engine.
Performance /HP/: 70hp @ 4000rpm (1957-1962), 75hp @ 4000 rpm (1962-1970).
Combined fuel consumption: 9 liters / 100km at 40-50 km/h
Top speed: 130 km/h
The data is from NIIAT yearbooks - 1958, 1967 and 1972 issues.
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[B]GAZ 24 Volga[/B]:
Years of production: 1968-1986 (1986-1992 - GAZ 24-10 with updated engine and other modifications).
Displacement: 2445cc.
Number of cylinders: 4 cylinders.
Performance /HP/: 95hp @ 4500rpm (100hp @ 4500rpm for 24-10)
Combined fuel consumption: 10,5 l/100km at 80 km/h; Za Rulem magazine states 13 liters /100 km average.
Top speed: 145 km/h.
(NIIAT yearbooks 1972, 1985, 1995 and Za Rulem magazine site.)
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[B]GAZ 3102 Volga:[/B]
Years of production: 1982-2009
Displacement: 2445cc.
Number of cylinders: 4 cylinders.
Performance /HP/: 102hp @ 4500rpm
Combined fuel consumption: 11,5-13,5 l/100km (Za Rulem magazine)
Top speed: 152 km/h (Za Rulem states 135-180 km/h 'depending on engine', seemingly referring to 31013 for special services, equipped with a 5,53-liter engine).
NIIAT yearbooks 1985, 1995 and Za Rulem magazine site.